discussion w4 635
Instructions for DQ Replies to 3 DQS
DO NOT JUST REPEAT SAME INFORMATION, DO NOT JUST SAY I AGREE OR THINGS LIKE THAT. YOU NEED TO ADD NEW INFORMATION TO DISCUSSION.
1- Each reply should be at least 200 words.
2- Minimum One scholarly reference ( NO MAYO CLINIC/ AHA)
3- APA 6th edition style needs to be followed.
4- Each response should have reference at the end of each reply
5- Reference should be within last 5 years
DQ-1
One of the specific risk factors in Texas is obesity. Obesity in childhood is one of the most public health challenges in the United States. The 2017 and 2018 National Surveys of Childrens Health revealed that 15.5 percent of children in Texas are obese (Kowalick, 2019). The National Health and Nutrition Examination survey revealed that the incidence of obesity in children levelled off, but the incidence of severe obesity continue to rise from 3.8 in 1999-2000 to 5.9% in 2011-2012 (Kowalick, 2019). Some of the challenges that the providers face is the adverse metabolic effects, expensive economic cost and racial or ethnic disparities. The individual lifestyle, environment, social and familial and social risk factor are some of the determinants of health.
A study conducted in Texas revealed that maternal severe obesity may cause a severe obesity in a low-income and affected majority of Hispanic or Latino children (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2017). Additionally, this study showed that some of the several determinants of health in severe obesity are dietary behaviors, physical activity and screen time. In Texas, there was a health promotion initiative that encouraged increasing recess time during the school day and adding additional professional development related to the physical education and activity that affects more the 3.6 million students (CDC, 2018). The Texas Department of State Health Services enhanced the physical education and activity in schools by increasing the recess time to 60 minutes per day. This project showed a positive impact in Dallas and Fort Worth metro area students as evidence by improvement in the students listening skills, time on task and increase in their reading and math scores (CDC, 2018).
References:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017). Predictors of Severe Obesity in Low-Income, Predominantly Hispanic/Latino Children: The Texas Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration Study. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2017/17_0129.htm#discussion
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2018). Texas. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/success-stories/texas.htm
Kowalick
, C. (2019, October, 10). Childhood obesity rate in Texas remained unchanged in 2018, according to report. Times Record News. Retrieved from https://www.timesrecordnews.com/story/news/local/2019/10/10/childhood-obesity-rate-texas-united-states/3922289002/
DQ-2
A risk factor that is specific to New Mexicans is participating in risky behaviors such as drug and alcohol abuse and driving under the influence. Compared to the rest of the United States, NM also has significantly higher rates of suicide and suffers from higher rates of unintentional injuries(Reed, Reno, & Green, 2016). According to Anderson, Shade, DiBlasi, Shabalin, and Docherty (2019), a persons socioeconomic status, such as income, rural living, and educational attainment, predicts multiple serious risk behaviors and health outcomes.
New Mexico continues to have the lowest high school graduation rate in the country with more than half of our public high schoolers are unable to read at their expected grade-level (Reed et al., 2016). Basic educational expertise and skills, including fundamental knowledge, reasoning ability, emotional self-regulation, and interactional abilities, are critical components of health. Evidence shows that educated adults are more likely to have health insurance coverage and thus seek preventative health services and stay up to date with screenings and immunizations. Conversely, the less schooling people have, the higher their levels of risky health behaviors such as smoking, being overweight, or not participating in any health preventative services (Anderson et al., 2019).
Many New Mexicans also live in rural areas and consequently, encounter barriers to timely health prevention interventions and diagnosis. When compared to individuals living in urban areas, individuals who reside in rural areas tend to be older and sicker, with higher rates of smoking, high blood pressure, and obesity. They also have higher rates of poverty and live in areas that place them at higher risk of death, such as long travel distances to specialty and emergency care or exposures to specific environmental hazards (Reed et al., 2016).
Anderson, J. S., Shade, J., DiBlasi, E., Shabalin, A. A., & Docherty, A. R. (2019). Polygenic risk scoring and prediction of mental health outcomes. Current Opinion in Psychology, 27, 7781.https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.09.002
Reed, D., Reno, J., & Green, D. (2016). New Mexico: Risk and Resiliency Factors That Impact Health Outcomes.Family & community health,39(2), 92102. https://doi.org/10.1097/FCH.0000000000000093
DQ-3
Coronavirus is one of the most common diseases that has hit Texas starting on March 4, 2020 (Burns, n.d.). In April 2020, there were 240,000 cases of COVID 19 around the United States that resulted in more than 5,400 deaths with 84 deaths from Texas alone (Burns, n.d.). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 is characterized as a virus that is a responsible for the outbreak that happened in China 2019 (Sheposh, 2020). It affects both humans and animals. According to Sheposh (2020), coronavirus can transfer from animals and jumped into humans (Sheposh, 2020)
Patients who are sixty-five years and older, those who are immunocompromised such as solid organ transplant, diabetes type II, heart conditions, heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, who lives in a long-term care facilities and those who have a BMI (body mass index ) of more than 30 and higher are at high-risk of developing COVID-19 (Sheposh, 2020). Additionally, patients who have moderate to severe asthma, cerebrovascular disease, cystic fibrosis, high blood pressure, dementia, liver disease, pulmonary fibrosis, thalassemia, pregnant women and type 1 diabetes are considered to be at risk in developing COVID-19 (Sheposh, 2020).
As a future provider, it is crucial to know the risk factors of an individual and knowing which patient is at high-risk of developing COVID-19 is important to determine proper disposition of patients. Patients who are at high-risk with COVID-19 may need to be admitted in the hospital or intensive care unit to prevent death from infection. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC] (2020), knowing the risk factors on patients who have high risk factors to develop severe illness from COVID-19 is essential to take extra precautions about their daily life, avoiding events that can put them at risk, to better comprehend how their medical condition could affect their own health when they develop COVID-19, anticipate medical treatment that they may need if they get sick and decrease their risk by managing any severe COVID-19 illness that can put them at high-risk (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2020).
References:
Burns, C.R. (n.d.).Epidemic Diseases. Retrieved from https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/epidemic-diseases
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020).Assessing Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 Illness.Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/assessing-risk-factors.html
Sheposh, R. (2020). Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).Salem Press Encyclopedia of Health. Retrieved from https://eds-a-ebscohost-com.lopes.idm.oclc.org/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=922e1542-602e-4071-ad4f-50f706f785f5%40sdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d%3d#AN=142379071&db=ers
