Clinical Pharma replies
Reply separately to two of your classmates posts (See attached classmates posts, post#1 and post#2).
INSTRUCTIONS:
Your responses should be in a well-developed paragraph (300-350 words) to each peer. Integrating an evidence-based resource!
Your responses to each peers chosen drug categories should include one evidence-based article from the College Library that connects culture, genomics, pharmacogenomics, or a particular age group (infant or pregnancy, for example.)
Note: DO NOT CRITIQUE THEIR POSTS, DO NOT AGREE OR DISAGREE, just add informative content regarding to their topic that is validated via citations.
– Utilize at least two scholarly references per peer post.
Please, send me the two documents separately, for example one is the reply to my peers Post #1, and the second one is the reply to my other peer Post #2.
– Minimum of 300 words per peer reply.
– TURNITINAssignment.
Background: I live in South Florida, I am currently enrolled in the Psych Mental Health Practitioner Program, I am a Registered Nurse, I work in a Psychiatric Hospital.
POST # 1 KAREN
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors are a class of drugs used most commonly to treat depression and anxiety (Woo & Robinson, 2020) as well as other conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (Ivarsson et al., 2015). The medication acts by inhibiting serotonin from returning to the presynaptic cell (Woo & Robertson, 2020). They are protein bound and metabolized by the CYP450 system and excreted primarily by the kidneys (Woo & Robertson, 2020). The liver is highly involved in their metabolism; therefore, caution should be used in prescribing to patients with decreased liver function (Billioti de Gage et al., 2018).
Fluoroquinolones are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics that function by interfering with enzymes necessary for the synthesis and repair of bacterial DNA (Woo & Robertson, 2020). This class of drugs is widely distributed throughout most body tissues and elimination depends on the specific drug (Woo & Robertson, 2020). Factors that should be considered when prescribing this class of medication include renal function, cardiac status, age, and polypharmacy as these medications are known to cause QT prolongation, especially in the elderly and those taking other QT prolonging medications, and risk of toxicity increases as renal function decreases (Blaszczyk et al., 2020).
Billioti de Gage, S., Collin, C., Le-Tri, T., Pariente, A., Bgaud, B., Verdoux, H., Dray-Spira, R.,
& Zureik, M. (2018). Antidepressants and Hepatotoxicity: A Cohort Study among 5
Million Individuals Registered in the French National Health Insurance Database. CNS
drugs, 32(7), 673684.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40263-018-0537-1
Blaszczyk, A.T., Anderson, S.S. and Hall, R.G. (2020), Appropriateness of Fluoroquinolone
Prescribing in the LongTerm Care Setting. J Am Geriatr Soc, 68: 661-663.
doi:10.1111/jgs.16324
Ivarsson, T., Skarphedinsson, G., Kornr, H., Axelsdottir, B., Biedil, S., Heyman, I., Asbahr,
F., Thomsen, P. H., Fineberg, N., March, J., & Accreditation Task Force of The Canadian
Institute for Obsessive Compulsive Disorders (2015). The place of and evidence for
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in children
and adolescents: Views based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry
research, 227(1), 93103.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.01.015
Woo, T.M., & Robinson, M.V. (2015). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurse
prescribers. F. A. Davis. POST # 2: ANTUNEZ
Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics
Selective serotonin Inhibitors drugs as an antidepressant example, are used to treat obsessive-compulsive and depression disorder. An example of these drugs is the Fluoxetine and Paroxetine, which produces inhibition of the cytochrome P450 2D6. The medicine also inhibits other cytochrome P450 enzymes like 2C19, 3A4, 2C9/10, and 2C19. The administration of these drugs can reduce the rate of clearing simultaneously administered drugs which depends on oxidative metabolism (Yuet, 2019). The pharmacodynamics of the selective serotonin inhibitorsoperate by increasing the level of extracellular in the neurotransmitter serotonin. This causes the reduction of its reabsorption back to the presynaptic cells which results in the increase of serotonin level in the synaptic left.
Corticosteroids are some drugs that reduce the rate of inflammation in the body (Joels, 2018). The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the corticosteroids include high protein-binding rapid and systematic clearance. For the inhaled pharmacokinetic, it has pharmacokinetic characteristics of lowering the oropharyngeal exposure, onsite activation in the lung, and the negligible oral bioavailability that the pharmacodynamics of the drugs act depending on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The mechanism used by the drug is intercellular and its effect persists even after the corticosteroids. The results of the drugs are highly dependent on the age and onset of the anti-inflammatory effects (Woo & Robinson 2015).
References
Jols, M. (2018). Corticosteroids and the brain. Journal of Endocrinology, 238(3), R121-R130.
Woo, T. M., & Robinson, M. V. (2015). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurse
prescribers. FA Davis.
Yuet, W. C., Derasari, D., Sivoravong, J., Mason, D., & Jann, M. (2019). Selective Serotonin
Reuptake Inhibitor Use and Risk of Gastrointestinal and Intracranial Bleeding. The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, 119(2), 102-111.
