2-3 paragraph summary construction safety
Watch the Construction Safety Video and read theConstruction Safety Ethics Article. from the video identify any unethical safety practices?
How could they have been avoided?
Write a 2-3 paragraph summary on what you learned about construction safety ethics from the video and article.
https://www.safetyandhealthmagazine.com/articles/safety-ethics-2
Occupational Safety
and Health Administration
www.osha.gov
October 2016
Recommended Practices for
Safety & Health Programs
in Construction
DISCLAIMER
These practices for safety and health programs for
construction worksites are recommendations only.
Employers in construction work must have a program
that includes measures to detect and correct workplace
hazards. However, their program may not contain
all of the practices recommended in this document.
Employers will not be cited if their safety and health
program does not comply with this document.
FOREWORD
FOREWORD
Establishing a safety and health program at
your job site is one of the most effective ways
of protecting your most valuable asset: your
workers. Losing workers to injury or illness, even
for a short time, can cause significant disruption
and costto you as well as the workers and their
families. It can also damage workplace morale,
productivity, turnover, and reputation.
Safety and health programs foster a proactive
approach to finding and fixing job site hazards
before they can cause injury or illness. Rather
than reacting to an incident, management and
workers collaborate to identify and solve issues
before they occur. This collaboration builds trust,
enhances communication, and often leads to
other business improvements. Employers who
have implemented safety and health programs,
including many who are in OSHAs Voluntary
Protection Programs (VPP) or the Safety and
Health Achievement Recognition Program
(SHARP) for small and medium-sized businesses,
have also found that managing for safety results
in higher-quality product or output and higher
profits.
These recommended practices reflect current
conditions in the construction industry:
New construction techniques, materials, and
equipment have come into common use.
Greater diversity in the construction
workforce means that people from different
backgrounds and cultures are working
alongside each other, often speaking
different languages.
Resources and Tools to Support
Implementation of These
Recommended Practices
OSHA has created a dedicated Web
page to support the implementation
of these practices at www.osha.gov/
SHPGuidelines. The page includes a link to
these recommended practices as well as the
following:
Additional resources. Articles and
information sources related to each core
element of the recommended practices,
plus other topics discussed in the
recommended practices.
Tools. Downloadable templates,
worksheets, and reference materials you
can use as you develop your own safety
and health program.
Please visit the recommended practices
Web page and explore the resources
available. OSHA will update the Web page
and add resources and tools as they become
available.
An aging workforce and the rise of sedentary
lifestyle means that some workers are at
higher risk for work-related musculoskeletal
disorders.
iwww.osha.gov RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
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https://www.osha.gov/shpguidelines/
https://www.osha.gov/shpguidelines/
https://www.osha.gov/shpguidelines/
https://www.osha.gov
FOREWORD
Increased temporary and contract
employment means that traditional
relationships between workers and
employers are shifting, and changes in safety
programs and policies will be required to
ensure the safety and health of all workers at
worksites characterized by these newer and
more fluid relationships.
These practices also reflect what we have
learned from best-in-class programs and what
makes them effective. In particular, these
recommended practices place greater
emphasis on involving workers, and include a
more robust program evaluation element to
help drive continuous improvement. These
practices also stress the need for
communication and coordination on worksites
involving more than one employer.
ii RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION www.osha.gov
https://www.osha.gov
INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
WORKER PARTICIPATION ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..11
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT…………………………………………………………………………….15
HAZARD PREVENTION AND CONTROL ……………………………………………………………………………………….20
EDUCATION AND TRAINING ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….24
PROGRAM EVALUATION AND IMPROVEMENT …………………………………………………………………………… 27
COMMUNICATION AND COORDINATION FOR EMPLOYERS
ON MULTIEMPLOYER WORKSITES ………………………………………………………………………………………………..30
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 34
GLOSSARY OF TERMS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34
CONTENTS
1www.osha.gov RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
https://www.osha.gov
INTRODUCTION
THESE RECOMMENDED PRACTICES provide
responsible employers, workers, and worker
representatives1 with a sound, flexible framework
for addressing safety and health issues on diverse
construction job sites. They may be used by any
construction company or job site, but they will be
particularly helpful to small and medium-sized
contractors. They also include guidance specifically
aimed at general contractor employment, staffing
agency employment, and multiemployer work
situations. These recommended practices have
been developed solely for the construction
industry. Separate recommended practices are
available for all other industries.
The recommended practices emphasize a
proactive approach to managing occupational
safety and health. Traditional approaches are
often reactivethat is, actions are taken only
after a worker is injured or becomes sick, a
new standard or regulation is published, or an
outside inspection finds a problem that must
be fixed. Finding and fixing hazards before they
cause injury or illness is a far more effective
approach. Doing so avoids the direct and
indirect costs of worker injuries and illnesses,
and promotes a positive work environment.
1 Worker participation is vital to the success of the program. In several places in these recommended practices, OSHA refers not just to
workers but also to their representatives, such as labor unions or religious or community groups.
Source: Ohio Bureau of Workers Compensation (2011), Ohio 21(d) SHARP Program Performance Assessment.
INTRODUCTION
These best practices present principles and
approaches to implementing and maintaining
a safety and health program for the entire
construction company. OSHA recognizes that a
wide variety of small and large construction job
sites exist. Some are short-duration, while others
may take years to complete; some sites are
characterized by frequently changing conditions,
while other sites conditions may change less
often. An effective program emphasizes top-level
ownership, participation by employees, and a
find and fix approach to workplace hazards.
The find and fix approach to workplace hazards
refers to the Hazard Identification and Hazard
Prevention and Control core elements. Because
of the wide variety of site conditions, these two
core elements should be implemented on a site-
specific basis in order to effectively detect and
correct hazards.
The concept of continuous improvement is
central to these recommended practices. As
with any journey, the first step is often the
most challenging. The idea is to begin with a
basic program and grow from there. By initially
focusing on achieving modest goals, monitoring
performance, and evaluating outcomes, you can
help your company progress over time along the
path to higher levels of safety and health.
THE BENEFITS OF IMPLEMENTING
THESE RECOMMENDED PRACTICES
Responsible employers know that the main goal
of a safety and health program is to prevent
work-related injuries, illnesses, and deaths, as
well as the suffering and financial hardship these
events can cause for workers, their families, and
their employers.
Employers may find that implementing these
recommended practices brings other benefits
as well. The renewed or enhanced commitment
to safety and health and the cooperative
atmosphere between employers and workers
have been linked to:
Improvements in production and quality.
Better employee morale.
Improved employee recruiting and retention.
A more favorable image and reputation
(among customers, suppliers, and the
community).
(per million
dollars of payroll)
A study of small employers in Ohio found that workers compensation claims fell dramatically after working
with OSHAs SHARP program to adopt programs similar to those described in these recommended practices.
average
number of claims cost per c laim claims
52%
+
DECREASED DECREASED
80% 88%
DECREASED
average lost time per claim
87%
DECREASED
3www.osha.gov RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
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HOW TO USE THE RECOMMENDED
PRACTICES
Each section of the recommended practices
describes a core program element (see page 7),
followed by several action items. Each action
item is an example of steps that general
contractors, subcontractors, managers,
supervisors, and workers can take to establish,
implement, maintain, and improve safety and
health programs. A general self-evaluation
tool can be found on the recommended
practices Web page. It can be tailored to your
construction site to track your progress and
document how you have implemented (or will
implement) each action item.
Seven interrelated elements
The seven core elements are interrelated and
are best viewed as part of an integrated system.
Actions taken under one core element can
Source: Leigh, J.P. (2011), Economic Burden of Occupational Injury and Illness in the United States. Milbank Quarterly, 89:728-772.2
2 The 2.7 multiplier for indirect costs includes some social costs, such as workers compensation costs not covered by insurance.
INTRODUCTION
IMPLEMENTING
a safety & health program
can help employers avoid the
that result
from
due to work
stoppages and
investigations,
training and other
costs associated with to material,
machinery
and property.
and
such as
TIME
LOST
REPLACING
INJURED
WORKERS
LOSS OR
DAMAGE
INDIRECT
COSTS
These have been estimated
to be at least
2.7
times the
INDIRECT
COSTS
DIRECT
COSTS
WORKPLACE
INCIDENTS
4 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION www.osha.gov
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https://www.osha.gov/shpguidelines/
https://www.osha.gov
(and likely will) affect actions needed under one
or more other elements. For example, workers
must be trained in reporting procedures and
hazard identification techniques in order to be
effective participants. Thus, the Education and
Training core element supports the Worker
Participation core element. Similarly, setting
goals (as described under Management
Leadership) will be more effective if you routinely
evaluate your progress in meeting those goals
(see Program Evaluation and Improvement).
Progress in each core element is important to
achieve maximum benefit from the program.
One size does not fit all
While the action items under each core element
are specific, they are not prescriptive. The
process described in these recommended
practices can, and should, be tailored to the
needs of each construction company and/or job
site. Likewise, your safety and health program
can and should evolve. Experimentation,
evaluation, and program modification are all part
of the process. You may also experience setbacks
from time to time. What is important is that you
learn from setbacks, remain committed to finding
out what works best for you, and continue to try
different approaches.
Injuries and illnesses occur in all construction
trades. The preventive approaches described
in these recommended practices work equally
well for small and large organizations in the
construction industry. Small employers may
find that they can best accomplish the actions
outlined in these recommended practices using
informal communications and procedures.
Larger employers, who have more complex work
processes and hazards, may require a more
formal and detailed program. They may also wish
to integrate their safety and health program with
other programs that they are using to manage
production, quality control, and environmental
protection or sustainability.
The importance of worker
participation
Throughout these recommended practices,
OSHA emphasizes the importance of worker
participation in the safety and health program.
For a program to succeed, workers (and,
if applicable, their representatives) must
participate in developing and implementing
every element of the safety and health program.
This emphasis on worker participation is
consistent with the OSH Act, OSHA standards,
and OSHA enforcement policies and procedures,
which recognize the rights and roles of workers
and their representatives in matters of workplace
safety and health. Several action items described
in these recommended practices rely on
perspectives, expertise, and input that can come
only from workers and their representatives.
When more than one employer is
involved
Employers and workers on multiemployer
worksites should pay particular attention to
the Coordination and Communication for
Employers on Multiemployer Worksites section.
This section describes actions that controlling
employers such as general contractors, prime
contractors and construction managers,
subcontractors, and temporary staffing agencies
(and their workers) should take to ensure
protection of everyone on the job site.
For tools and resources to help you
implement these recommended practices,
visit: www.osha.gov/shpguidelines
INTRODUCTION
5www.osha.gov RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
NINE EASY THINGS TO GET YOUR PROGRAM STARTED
If these recommended practices appear challenging, here are some simple steps you can
take to get started. Completing these steps will give you a solid base from which to take on
some of the more structured actions presented in the recommended practices.
1. ALWAYS SET SAFETY AND
HEALTH AS THE TOP PRIORITY
Tell your workers that making sure they finish the
day and go home safely is the way you do business.
Assure them that you will work with them to find and
fix any hazards that could injure them or make them
sick.
2. LEAD BY EXAMPLE
Practice safe behaviors yourself and make safety part
of your daily conversations with workers.
3. IMPLEMENT A REPORTING
SYSTEM
Develop and communicate a simple procedure for
workers to report any injuries, illnesses, incidents
(including near misses/close calls), hazards, or safety
and health concerns without fear of retaliation.
Include an option for reporting hazards or concerns
anonymously.
4. PROVIDE TRAINING
Train workers on how to identify and control hazards
using, for example, OSHAs Hazard Identification
Training Tool.
5. CONDUCT INSPECTIONS
Inspect the job site with workers and ask them to
identify any activity, piece of equipment, or material
that concerns them. Use checklists and other
resources, such as OSHAs Construction Industry
Digest, to help identify problems.
6. COLLECT HAZARD CONTROL
IDEAS
Talk with workers about ideas on safety improvements
throughout the project.
7. IMPLEMENT HAZARD CONTROLS
Assign workers the task of choosing, implementing,
and evaluating the solutions.
8. ADDRESS EMERGENCIES
Identify foreseeable emergency scenarios and develop
instructions on what to do in each case. Meet to
discuss these procedures and post them in a visible
location at the job site.
9. MAKE IMPROVEMENTS
Set aside a regular time to discuss safety and health
issues, with the goal of identifying ways to improve
the program.
6 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION www.osha.gov
https://www.osha.gov/hazfinder/
https://www.osha.gov/hazfinder/
https://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha2202.pdf
https://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha2202.pdf
https://www.osha.gov
INTRODUCTION
CORE ELEMENTS OF THE RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR
SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT
LEADERSHIP
Top management demonstrates its commitment to eliminating hazards and to continuously
improving workplace safety and health, communicates that commitment to workers, and sets
program expectations and responsibilities.
Managers at all levels make safety and health a core organizational value, establish safety and
health goals and objectives, provide adequate resources and support for the program, and set
a good example.
WORKER
PARTICIPATION
Workers and their representatives are involved in all aspects of the programincluding setting
goals, identifying and reporting hazards, investigating incidents, and tracking progress.
All workers, including contractors and temporary workers, understand their roles and
responsibilities under the program and what they need to do to effectively carry them out.
Workers are encouraged and have means to communicate openly with management and to
report safety and health concerns or suggest improvements, without fear of retaliation.
Any potential barriers or obstacles to worker participation in the program (for example,
language, lack of information, or disincentives) are removed or addressed.
HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION AND
ASSESSMENT
Procedures are put in place to continually identify workplace hazards and evaluate risks.
Safety and health hazards from routine, nonroutine, and emergency situations are identified
and assessed.
An initial assessment of existing hazards, exposures, and control measures is followed by
periodic inspections and reassessments, to identify new hazards.
Any incidents are investigated with the goal of identifying the root causes.
Identified hazards are prioritized for control.
HAZARD
PREVENTION AND
CONTROL
Employers and workers cooperate to identify and select methods for eliminating, preventing,
or controlling workplace hazards.
Controls are selected according to a hierarchy that uses engineering solutions first, followed by
safe work practices, administrative controls, and finally personal protective equipment (PPE).
A plan is developed that ensures controls are implemented, interim protection is provided,
progress is tracked, and the effectiveness of controls is verified.
EDUCATION AND
TRAINING
All workers are trained to understand how the program works and how to carry out the
responsibilities assigned to them under the program.
Employers, managers, and supervisors receive training on safety concepts and their
responsibility for protecting workers rights and responding to workers reports and concerns.
All workers are trained to recognize workplace hazards and to understand the control measures
that have been implemented.
PROGRAM
EVALUATION AND
IMPROVEMENT
Control measures are periodically evaluated for effectiveness.
Processes are established to monitor program performance, verify program implementation,
and identify program shortcomings and opportunities for improvement.
Necessary actions are taken to improve the program and overall safety and health performance.
COMMUNICATION
AND COORDINATION
FOR EMPLOYERS ON
MULTIEMPLOYER
WORKSITES
General contractors, contractors, and staffing agencies commit to providing the same level of
safety and health protection to all employees.
General contractors, contractors, subcontractors, and staffing agencies commmunicate the
hazards present at the worksite and the hazards that work of contract workers may create on site.
General contractors establish specifications and qualifications for contractors and staffing agencies.
Prior to beginning work, general contractors, contractors, and staffing agencies coordinate on work
planning and scheduling to identify and resolve any conflicts that could impact safety or health.
7www.osha.gov RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
FOR MORE INFORMATION
For more information about these recommended
practices, tools to help you implement them, and
related topics, see the recommended practices
Web page. This page includes links to many tools
and resources developed by OSHA and others
that can help employers and workers implement
these recommended practices. OSHA will
continue to update and add to this resource list.
OSHAs On-site Consultation Program offers free
and confidential occupational safety and health
services to small and medium-sized businesses in all
states across the country and in several territories,
with priority given to high-hazard worksites.
On-site Consultation Program services are separate
from enforcement and do not result in penalties
or citations. Consultants from state agencies
or universities work with employers to identify
workplace hazards, provide advice on compliance
with OSHA standards, and help them establish and
improve their safety and health programs.
For free assistance, including help
implementing your program, visit:
www.osha.gov/dcsp/smallbusiness
or call 1-800-321-6742 (OSHA)
8 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION www.osha.gov
https://www.osha.gov/shpguidelines/
https://www.osha.gov/shpguidelines/
https://www.osha.gov/dcsp/smallbusiness
https://www.osha.gov
MANAGEMENT
LEADERSHIP
MANAGEMENT PROVIDES the leadership,
vision, and resources needed to implement
an effective safety and health program.
Management leadership means that business
owners, managers, and supervisors:
Make worker safety and health a core
organizational value.
Are fully committed to eliminating hazards,
protecting workers, and continuously
improving safety and health on job sites.
Provide sufficient resources to implement
and maintain the safety and health program.
Visibly demonstrate and communicate their
safety and health commitment to workers
and others.
Set an example through their own actions.
Action item 1: Communicate your commitment to a safety and health program
A clear, written policy helps you communicate that safety and health is a primary organizational
valueas important as productivity, profitability, product or service quality, and customer satisfaction.
How to accomplish it
Establish a written policy signed by top
management describing the organizations
commitment to safety and health, and pledging
to establish and maintain a safety and health
program for all workers.
Communicate the policy to all workers and,
at appropriate times and places, to relevant
parties, including:
Contractors, subcontractors, staffing
agencies, and temporary workers at your
worksite(s)
Suppliers and vendors
Other businesses in a multi-tenant
building
Visitors
Customers
Reinforce management commitment by
considering safety and health in all business
decisions, including estimating and bidding
on projects, subcontractor and vendor
selection, scheduling, and implementing
safety designs into construction processes,
drawings, and modifications.
Be visible in operations and set an example by
following the same safety and health procedures
you expect workers to follow. Conduct weekly
or daily toolbox talks on safety and health,
and discuss/review safety and health indicators
and/or open safety items on a to do list.
9www.osha.gov RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
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MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP
Action item 2: Define program goals
By establishing specific goals and objectives, management sets expectations for managers,
supervisors, and workers, and for the program overall. The goals and objectives should focus on
specific actions that will improve worker safety and health.
How to accomplish it
Establish realistic, measurable goals for
improving safety and health.
Develop plans to achieve the goals by
assigning tasks and responsibilities to
particular people, setting timeframes, and
determining resource needs.
Action item 3: Allocate resources
Management provides the resources needed to implement the safety and health program, pursue
program goals, and address program shortcomings when they are identified.
How to accomplish it
Estimate the resources needed to establish
and implement the program. One example is
ensuring safety equipment is included in the
project budget.
Allow time in workers schedules for them to fully
participate in the program. Safety can be built
into the labor rates when estimating a project.
Integrate safety and health into planning and
budgeting processes, and align budgets with
program needs.
Provide and direct resources to operate and
maintain the program, meet safety and health
commitments, and pursue program goals.
Note: Resource needs will vary depending on your organizations size, complexity, hazard types, and program maturity and development.
Resource needs may include capital equipment and supplies, staff time, training, access to information and tools (e.g., vendor information, Safety
Data Sheets, injury/illness data, checklists, online databases) and access to safety and health experts, including OSHAs free and confidential
On-site Consultation Program (see For More Information in the introduction to these recommended practices).
Action item 4: Expect performance
Management leads the program effort by establishing roles and responsibilities and providing an
open, positive environment that encourages communication about safety and health.
How to accomplish it
Identify a frontline person or persons who
will lead the safety program effort, make
plans, coordinate activities, and track
progress. Define and regularly communicate
responsibilities and authorities for
implementing and maintaining the program,
and hold people accountable for performance.
Provide positive recognition for meeting or
exceeding safety and health goals aimed at
preventing injury and illness (e.g., reporting
close calls/near misses, attending training,
conducting inspections).
Establish ways for management and all workers
to communicate freely and often about safety
and health issues, without fear of retaliation.
Note: Maintaining a positive and encouraging tone is important. Successful programs reward, rather than discipline, workers who identify problems
or concerns, much like successful quality programs. Disciplinary measures should be reserved for situations in which an individual manager or
worker is uncooperative or becomes an impediment to progress.
10 RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION www.osha.gov
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WORKER
PARTICIPATION
TO BE EFFECTIVE, any safety and health
program needs the meaningful participation of
workers and their representatives. Workers have
much to gain from a successful program, and
the most to lose if the program fails. They also
often know the most about potential hazards
associated with their jobs. Successful programs
tap into this knowledge base.
Worker participation means participation
in establishing, operating, evaluating, and
improving the safety and health program.
All workers at a worksite should participate,
including those employed by subcontractors
and temporary staffing agencies (see
Coordination and Communication on Multi-
employer Worksites).
RETALIATION AGAINST
WORKERS IS ILLEGAL
Section 11(c) of the Occupational Safety and Health
Act of 1970 prohibits employers from retaliating
against employees for exercising a variety of rights
guaranteed under the OSH Act, such as filing a
safety and health complaint with OSHA, raising a
health and safety concern with their employers,
participating in an OSHA inspection, or reporting
a work-related injury or illness. OSHA vigorously
enforces the anti-retaliation protections provided
under 11(c) of the OSH Act and other federal statutes.
For more information, see www.whistleblowers.gov.
IN AN EFFECTIVE safety and health program, all
workers:
Are encouraged to participate in the program
and feel comfortable providing input and
reporting safety or health concerns.
Have access to information they need to
participate effectively in the program.
Have opportunities to participate in
all phases of program design and
implementation.
Do not experience retaliation when they raise
safety and health concerns; report injuries,
illnesses, and hazards; participate in the
program; or exercise safety and health rights.
Note: Worker participation is vital to the success of safety and health
programs. Where workers are represented by a union, it is important
that worker representatives also participate in the program, consistent
with the rights provided to worker representatives under the
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 and the National Labor
Relations Act.
11www.osha.gov RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAMS IN CONSTRUCTION
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https://www.osha.gov
WORKER PARTICIPATION
Action item 1: Encourage workers to participate in the program
By encouraging workers to participate in the program, management signals that it values their input
into safety and health decisions.
How to accomplish it
Give workers the necessary time and
resources to participate in the program.
Acknowledge and provide positive reinforce-
ment to those who participate in the program.
Maintain an open door policy that invites
workers to talk to managers about safety and
health and to make suggestions.
Action item 2: Encourage workers to report safety and health concerns
Workers are often best positioned to identify safety and health concerns and program shortcomings,
such as emerging job site hazards, unsafe conditions, close calls/near misses, and actual incidents. By
encouraging reporting and following up promptly on all reports, employers can address issues before
someone gets hurt or becomes ill.
How to accomplish it
Establish a simple process for workers to
report injuries, illnesses, close calls/near
misses, hazards, and other safety and health
concerns, and respond to reports promptly.
Include an option for anonymous reporting to
reduce fear of reprisal.3
Report back to workers routinely and
frequently about action taken in response to
their concerns and suggestions.
Emphasize that management will use reported
information only to improve job site safety
and health, and that no worker will experience
retaliation for bringing such information to
managements attention (see Action item 5).
Empower all workers to initiate or request a
temporary suspension or shutdown of any
work activity or operation they believe to be
unsafe.
Involve workers in finding solutions to
reported issues.
3 Under OSHAs injury and illness recordkeeping rule (29 CFR 1904), employers are required to establish a reasonable procedure for
employees to report work-related injuries and illnesses promptly and accurately. A re
