DEVELOPING CONTINUOUSLY AND EFFECTIVELY SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCER MARKETING
The traditional celebrities’ endorsement approaches had a significant influence on the past trend, but the emergence of social media has given rise to a new platform that allows social media influencer marketers to gain more audience and have broader extents of influence. The research question for the research will be aimed at investigating the benefits and shortcomings of online celebrities’ influences on social media marketing. Therefore, the research question will assist in determining the appropriate approaches to developing continuously and effectively social media influencer marketing in the new era of digital marketing to reach a more extensive consumer network. Thus, the objective of the research is to describe the phenomenon of celebrity endorsements and how the use of social media influencer marketing will allow the company to benefit. Thus, by exploring the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing celebrity endorsement will assist in determining whether the approach will have an impact on a brand image or customer loyalty. Also, the research hypothesis will determine how social media influencer marketing involving celebrity endorsements have to change how brands are interacting with consumers.
EBS Quick Guide to Harvard Referencing
You must clearly show where you have used someone elses work and ideas in your assignments. This could be when you quote or paraphrase someone elses work. The Harvard referencing system helps you do this. This guide is designed to help you start using the Harvard System of Referencing. It provides some basic examples to help you understand how to reference correctly. There are other referencing systems but Harvard is the system that is widely used in many UK higher education institutions.
HARVARD REFERENCING consists of 2 elements
1
2
IN TEXT CITATIONS
The surname of the author and the date of the work at the point where you discuss their ideas.
Garrett (2011) suggests that classical music can help to create a calm study environment.
A DETAILED REFERENCE LIST AT THE END OF YOUR ESSAY Full details of the references you have cited in your work, in alphabetical order, at the end of your assignment
Garrett, L.K. (2011) Skills for nursing and healthcare students. Harlow: Pearson Education.
IN TEXT CITATIONS You can refer to somebodys ideas in your essay by using either a direct quote or paraphrasing.
You only need to include the authors surname and the date of the work in the body of your essay (see box above).
If you read a section of text, and feel that it is best said in the original words (for example a well-used phrase, or important speech), you should present it as a direct quote. Direct quotes should be written within speech marks (to facilitate recognition by plagiarism software), and the page number should be given. You MUST always give the page number where the direct quote was taken from within your in-text citation. Short quotes can be given within a sentence; longer quotes should be indented within the text, although the use of long quotes should be avoided where possible.
Paraphrasing is when you take some information from a source, and put it into your own words you explain somebodys idea in your own words. Changing one or two words is not sufficient to correctly paraphrase. You still need to reference where the information has come from, although you do not need to use quotation marks, or give a page number.
REFERENCE LIST You must include the full details of all your in-text citations at the end of your essay in a separate reference list.
The exact details that you have to include in your reference list depend on what type of document the source is for example a book, a journal article, a report, a webpage. The reference list
must
be in alphabetical order. The reference list provides all the information the reader needs to locate your sources.
What you need to put in a final reference list
PAPER RESOURCES
BOOK
Surname + initial(s)
Year of publication
Title of the book
Edition – Only if NOT the first edition
Place of publication and name of publisher
Boddy, D. (2008) Management: An Introduction. Harlow: FT/Prentice Hall.
ARTICLE
Surname + initial(s)
Year of publication
Title of the article
Name of the journal where you found the article
Volume number, issue number, page number
Lien, D. and Shrestha, K. (2005) Estimating the optimal hedge ratio with focus information criterion. Journal of Futures Markets, vol. 25, no. 10, pp.1011-1024.
REPORT
The same as a book
ELECTRONIC RESOURCE
WEBSITE
Who is responsible for the information an organisation or someone writing for the organisation?
When was the information uploaded?
Title of the document or webpage where you found the information, followed by [online]
The web address
The date you accessed the information
Business forum. (2011) Getting the facts on Stakeholder Analysis. [online]. Available at: www.businessforum_123/london. [Accessed: 12 July 2011].
Environment Agency.( 2013) River and coastal maintenance programmes 2013-14. [online]. Available at: http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk. [Accessed 12 July 2013].
EBOOK
Surname + initial(s)
Year of publication
Title of the book, followed by [online]
Place of publication and name of publisher
Web address and date you accessed it
Owen, J. (2011) The Death of Modern Management. [online]. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. Available at: http://site.ebrary.com/lib/universityofessex/docDetail.action?docID=10517348. [Accessed 10 June 2013].
ELECTRONIC JOURNAL ARTICLE
Surname + initial(s)
Year of publication
Title of the article
Name of the journal where you found the article, followed by [online]
Volume number, issue number, page number
Web address and date you accessed it
Cass, K. (2003) Management theories. Management Quarterly. [online], 78(9). Available at: http://site.ebrary/com/lib/universityofessex. [Accessed 5 June 2013].
ONLINE REPORT
The same as an Ebook
If you cite work with 3 or more authors you can use et al instead of listing all the authors in the in-text citation. This can ONLY be used in text.
ALL authors should be given in the reference list, in the order they appear in the original source. If you include page numbers, use ‘p.’ to reference a single page, and ‘pp.’ for a range of pages or you can also use a colon.
If you are reading a source by one author and he/she cites or quotes work from someone else and you want to use it, you should try to locate the original source/material. Its important that you read the information yourself to check context and accuracy. Information on the source will be in the reference list of what you are currently reading. If it is difficult to find the orginial work, you can use a secondary reference like this:
Research has shown that guinea pigs are suitable as pets (Winthorpe, 2010 cited in Dunn, 2012)
Winthorpe (2010) as cited in Dunn (2012) implies that…
For further information and guidance you can visit the Universitys Student Resources webpage: http://online.essex.ac.uk/students/student-resources
Or you can also visit:
http://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-referencing-harvard
http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm
Bev Jackson, Essex Business School, University of Essex 2014. Based on a resource from www.libweb.anglia.ac.uk
